Journal 21-30
The effect of pricing level to the loss of welfare costs (case study: Indonesia region II water company)
B Rosalina E W K, E Gravitiani, M Raharjo and T Mulyaningsih
Abstract.
Climate change makes the water balance composition being unstable, both quality and quantity. As a company which responsible for water management, Regional Drinking Water Company (abbreviated as PDAM) is often unable to solve the problem. Welfare costs are indicators to evaluate the economic efficiency. This study aims to calculate the welfare cost of the people lost due to the price determination of PDAM Indonesia in region II with deadweight loss (DWL) approach, so it can provide information to pricing regulator, pricing decision makers and for coIDRorate management. DWL is a loss of economic efficiency that can occur when equilibrium for a good or a service is not achieved, caused by monopoly
pricing of artificial scarcity, an externality, a tax or subsidy, or a binding price ceiling or price floor such as a minimum wage. Results showed that the pricing rules set by PDAM yielded different DWL, depending on margin set by the company DWL PDAM ranges between IDR 260,485.66/M3 to IDR 127,486,709.86/M3 which is actually shared to improve the welfare of customers, other communities, and PDAM itself. Data analysis used PDAM performance in 2015 that have not Good CoIDRorate Governance Management and Efficiency.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RNYcxSZjqnG7av-hC00CnZHbOjjKvAKW/view?usp=sharing
Payment for environmental service of conservation in Cokro Tulung spring, Klaten regency, Indonesia
Faisal, Evi Gravitiani, Suryanto, and Mugi Raharjo
Abstract.
This study aims to: (1) determine the conservation of water resources willingness to pay
(WTP) of the community, (2) determine the determinants that significantly affect the value of PAPs
for additional benefits due to increase management of water resources conservation, and (3)
determine whether reforestation environment is a type of conservation that community desires.
Respondents from this study are Surakarta citizens, precisely in the southern region of Surakarta,
Laweyan District, Central Java. They are customers of Surakarta Municipal Water Supply
Company, especially the water distribution of the Cokro Tulung spring. This study uses linear
analysis and Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). The interviews result with 106 respondents
revealed that: (1) the average value of WTP in R2 is Rp 1,872,-, the average value of WTP in R3
is Rp 3,238,-, the average value of WTP in R4 is Rp 2,769,-, and the average value of WTP in
trade group 1 is Rp 3,846,-, (2) education variables and perception variables on the importance of
conservation have a significant effect on WTP of conservation of water resources, and (3) survey
results show that there are 73.6% of respondents intend to do greening around Cokro Tulung
spring.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1YdKWwhCIcETLzdNsxlIbZ-MpEPpr3G1N/view?usp=sharing
HIGH CHIMNEY WTE CALCULATIONS BY CONSIDERING PUBLIC HEALTH RISK BECAUSE OF FURAN / DIOXIN EMISSION
SAPTO PRAJOGO, ARI HANDONO RAMELAN, EVI GRAVITIANI AND HARTONO
ABSTRACT
Bandung City adopted a policy to build a waste incinerator technology (WTE) systems. The
combustion capacity is 500 tons/day. WTE technologies will burn waste. WTE use energy generated
to be converted to electrical energy. This technology has the potential to reduce the volume of
waste more effectively. WTE also emits various harmful contaminants. Namely polychlorinated
dibenzofurans (PCDF) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD). WTE equipped with
chimney. So that the pollutants contained in the exhaust gas spread into the wider region. That
intended to reduce the concentration of pollutants. This study intended to assess public health
risks. That is, because due to PCDF / PCDD dispersion through this chimney. The calculations
performed with the assumption of chimney height 60 m, 80 m, 100 m, 120 m, 140 m, 160 m and 200
m. Public health risk assessment conducted for projections over the next 20 years. The causal
relationship between the high of the chimney with the sick society obtained a linear regression
equation. From the regression equation can do extrapolation chimney high is 277 m.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1eSv18W8FhTsPQdloX7MXsu51B4mqgAEc/view?usp=sharing
Capacity Development and Payment of Environmental Services (Study in Surakarta City, Indonesia)
Faisal, Evi Gravitiani, Suryanto, and Mugi Raharjo
Abstract
This study aims to: (1) Analyze the capacity development through education and communication to community by government for sustainable development process (2) To determine willingness to pay of the community for water conservation at Cokro Tulung and (3) Identify the determinants that significantly affect WTP of the community for water resources conservation. Respondents from this study are Surakarta citizen, precisely in the southern region of Surakarta, Laweyan District, Central Java. They are the customer of Surakarta Water Utility Company, especially the water distribution of the Cokro Tulung spring. This study employ binary logistic analysis and Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). Based on the interview results from 147 respondents, it is concluded that (1) the Surakarta Water Utility Company (PDAM) is not yet intensively educate and communicate to community regarding to
the proper water management. The role of the government to the educational policy is very important to educate community regarding to the complex linkages between water, environment, and the impact of human activities to water availability (2) The average value of WTP in R2 is 1.133,- ; the average value of WTP in R3 is Rp3.368,- ; ) The average value of WTP in R4 is Rp2.206,- ; and the average value of WTP of trade group 1 is Rp 3.706,-, (3) Sex, age, education, house ownership, perception of the ease of getting water, and the perception of the importance of conservation significantly affect the value of WTP of water resources conservation.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1m8sayvUWfRuD6oLIM1Dj0VwUbNEkUrLb/view?usp=sharing
Effect of Change in Rate of Emissions Furan/Dioxin of Public Health Risk on WTE Gede Bage
Sapto Prajogo, Ari Handono Ramelan, Evi Gravitiani and Hartono
Abstract
Bandung, adopted a policy to build Waste to Energy (WTE) systems with a combustion capacity of 500 tons/day. WTE technologies will burn waste that is fed and utilized energy generated to be converted into electrical energy. This technology has the potential to reduce the volume of waste more effectively, but WTE also emit various harmful contaminants, including Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans (PCDF) and Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins (PCDDs). WTE equipped with air pollution control, so that the emission of harmful contaminants can be controlled and detected continuously. This study only discusses contaminants PCDF and PCDDs, and the effect of air pollution control work against public health risks. In this study, the efficiency of air pollution control is assumed at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 90% and 99%, while the public health risk assessment carried out for the projected 15 years into the future. Public health risk assessment carried out by the calculation of the health risk of carcinogenic (liver cancer). A causal relationship between the independent variable efficiency of air pollution control with one dependent variable number of liver cancer patients, obtained the simple linear regression equation Y = 76.4592 – 0.7692X.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gplmWxu-Q1wQ08m-ZtvG3l1bGUfkJsMU/view?usp=sharing
A STATEGICAL ANALYSIS OF GREEN OPEN SPACE’ MANAGEMENT AND THE RELATION TO PUBLIC MENTAL HEALTH’ OPPORTUNITIES (Case Study in Pakujoyo Park, Sukoharjo Regency)
Paksi Danurdaraa , Suryanto , Evi Gravitiani
Abstract
The density problems due to population growth in urban areas can affect people’s stress level.
One of the many ways to reduce stress level of urban people is utilizing the green open space
(GOS). Sukoharjo Regency as one of the expansion regions of Surakarta City continues to
experience the same problem every year. This density problem underlies the local government to
build GO Sin the area, including Pkujoyo Park. This study aim to analyze the usage of Pakujoyo
Park as a GOS, related to the opportunity for users to get good mental health when visiting. This
study also analyzes the management of Pakujoyo Park connected to the conformity of users’
needs. The analysis technique used in this study are multino minal regression analysis and
SWOT analysis. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the distance of users’ houses
to GOS can affect people’s desire to visit Pakujoyo Park. The intensity of the visit also affects
the opportunity for users to get good mental health when visit Pakujoyo Park. In the other hand,
the SWOT analysis shows that the existence of Pakujoyo Park needs to be managed through
maximizing the strengths and opportunities that this GOS has.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1a3z0doYB1qvb_YMG5TTRElcT-4L5LEe5/view?usp=sharing
ECOPRENEURSHIP: PRODUCTION COSTS AND BREAK-EVEN POINT ANALYSIS OF ECOPRENEUR IN SRAGEN, INDONESIA
Rizky Nur Ayuningtyas Putri, Sebelas Maret University
Mugi Rahardjo, Sebelas Maret University
Evi Gravitiani, Sebelas Maret University
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to analyze the break-even point and production costs generated by entrepreneurs who run a business employing industrial waste residues. The location of this study is in Sragen Regency, Central Java, Indonesia with samples of 37 respondents. The study carries out the creative economy industry with the type of industrial waste utilization business aims to: 1) find out the average amount of costs incurred for production;(2) calculate total revenue, average revenue, total Profit, and average profit;(3) calculate the income ratio cost;(4) calculate the average break-even point of production and the break-even point of production prices. The results of the study show that: 1) Total cost of production costs is Rp.75,830,000/month. The average production cost of each respondent is
Rp.2,049,459/month; 2) Total revenue from the industrial waste business is Rp.187,250,000/month. Average revenue received by each respondent is Rp.5,060,811/month; Total Profit received by the respondents is Rp.111,420,000/month. The average profit received by each respondent is Rp.3,011,351/month; 3) Average cost ratio of each respondent is 3.38 so that the overall business is declared efficient and profitable. (4) Average break-even point of the respondent is based on the production capacity of 149 units/month and average break-even point of the respondent is based on the price of Rp.843,675/month.